Muhammad Sameer

Mar 28, 2023

50 Linux Commands for Beginners

Linux is a free and open-source operating system that is similar to other operating systems such as Windows and macOS. It was created by Linus Torvalds in 1991 and is based on the Unix operating system. Linux is used in a variety of applications, from servers to desktop computers, and can be modified and customized to suit different needs. One of the key features of Linux is that it is highly customizable, and users can modify the operating system to suit their specific requirements. It is known for its stability, security, and flexibility, and is used by many large organizations and corporations around the world.

If you're new to Linux, there are many commands you'll need to learn in order to get the most out of your system. Here are 50 essential Linux commands that every beginner should know:

1.      pwd - Print the current working directory

2.      ls - List the contents of a directory

3.      cd - Change directory

4.      mkdir - Create a new directory

5.      rmdir - Remove a directory

6.      touch - Create a new file

7.      cp - Copy a file or directory

8.      mv - Move a file or directory

9.      rm - Remove a file

10.  cat - Display the contents of a file

11.  less - View a file one page at a time

12.  grep - Search for a pattern in a file

13.  find - Search for files and directories

14.  tar - Create or extract a tar archive

15.  gzip - Compress or decompress a file

16.  top - Display system resource usage

17.  ps - Display currently running processes

18.  kill - Terminate a process

19.  ifconfig - Configure network interfaces

20.  ping - Test network connectivity

21.  ssh - Connect to a remote system

22.  scp - Copy files between systems over SSH

23.  su - Switch to the root user

24.  sudo - Execute a command as the root user

25.  useradd - Create a new user

26.  passwd - Change a user's password

27.  groupadd - Create a new group

28.  chown - Change the owner of a file or directory

29.  chmod - Change the permissions of a file or directory

30.  du - Display disk usage

31.  df - Display disk free space

32.  mount - Mount a filesystem

33.  umount - Unmount a filesystem

34.  ln - Create a symbolic link

35.  file - Determine the type of a file

36.  which - Display the location of a command

37.  whereis - Display the location of a command and its man page

38.  man - Display the manual page for a command

39.  info - Display additional information for a command

40.  uptime - Display system uptime

41.  date - Display the current date and time

42.  history - Display command history

43.  alias - Create a new command alias

44.  echo - Display a message

45.  cut - Extract columns from a file

46.  sort - Sort lines in a file

47.  uniq - Remove duplicate lines from a file

48.  diff - Compare two files

49.  tar -cvf - Create a tar archive from a directory

50.  tar -xvf - Extract a tar archive to a directory

Learning these commands will help you become more comfortable using the Linux command line and make you more efficient in performing tasks on your system.